与供应商和客户共享审计能提升审计质量吗？——基于横向和纵向共享程度的分析

以2008—2018年全部A股非金融类上市公司为样本，考察了共享审计对审计质量的影响。研究发现，公司与主要供应商或客户进行共享审计可以显著地提升审计质量。此外，在横向共享程度方面，共享审计的作用效果主要来自“共享师所”这一类型；当共享签字审计师的人数较多且共享合伙人与项目负责人时，审计质量的提升作用更明显。在纵向共享程度方面，相对于未进行共享审计的公司，与客户共享审计、与客户及供应商同时共享审计的公司，其审计质量的提升效果更为明显。然而，未发现与供应商进行共享审计时审计质量较高的证据，这说明共享审计提升审计质量的作用主要是通过与下游企业共享实现的。研究结论从供应链视角为提升审计质量、企业与其供应商及客户合理选择审计师提供了政策建议。     

中国民族企业跨国并购策略分析——以浙江吉利控股集团三次跨国并购为例

回顾和总结了中国民族企业的并购历程,结合中国民族企业跨国并购的特点和面临的问题,着重以浙江吉利控股集团的现实并购案例为研究对象,通过对其三次并购的案例的研究,剖析吉利企业跨国并购的成功原因和有益经验,为中国民族企业"走出去",并借助国际平台迅速提高管理水平和科技进步水平提出行之有效的提出应对策略和建议。     

基坑开挖影响范围内临近群桩基础承载性能研究

本文基于大型三维有限元计算程序,建立了基坑及基坑外的群桩计算模型,针对不同基坑开挖深度开展数值模拟研究。研究结果表明,随着开挖深度的增大,将会导致每一根桩体的水平位移增大,竖向轴力增大,侧摩阻力减小,且对前排桩的影响略大于后排桩。     

Cross-border cooperation: A response to the challenges facing agri-food cooperatives in Southern European countries

All agri-food cooperatives share common interests, irrespective of their geographical borders, which should encourage them to undertake inter-cooperation processes as well as to set up transnational cooperatives. This paper has two objectives. The first is to analyze Spanish and Portuguese cooperative regulations and the Statute for a European Cooperative Society to define how to embark on these processes in the two countries while also pinpointing the conflicts that may arise from the different regulations. Secondly, it seeks to ascertain which Spanish and Portuguese cooperatives have had experience in this field and to characterize them through a multiple-case study, including the rationale for the processes, the advantages and the constraints. The results have revealed five cross-border cooperation categories and show that the Statute for a European Cooperative Society has not had the expected success at the EU level, due to its complexity. However, in general, the lack of expected cross-border cooperative experiences is not due to legal, language or management issues. It is for different reasons. Firstly, cooperatives think that they can achieve the same objectives through inter-cooperative agreements. Secondly, government policies protect the regional nature of their cooperatives, rather than encouraging them to expand their business and therefore their capacity to respond to current challenges.     

审计师选择与业绩承诺精准达标——基于中国借壳上市公司的经验证据

在借壳交易中，对借壳方（非上市公司）财务报告执行审计的审计师可以是壳公司（上市公司）的现任审计师，也可以是新任审计师。以2011—2020年完成借壳上市并签订业绩补偿承诺的我国A股借壳交易案件为样本，检验借壳上市审计师选择对借壳公司业绩承诺实现情况的影响。研究发现，与保留壳公司现任审计师的借壳公司相比，借壳上市交易中选择新审计师的借壳公司更可能在业绩承诺期间精准实现业绩承诺，盈余管理是借壳交易中审计师选择影响借壳公司精准实现业绩承诺的作用渠道。此外，当业绩承诺补偿方式为股份补偿以及借壳交易双方为关联方时，借壳交易中选择新审计师的公司对业绩承诺精准达标的正向作用更加显著。进一步研究发现，借壳上市交易中选择新审计师的公司更可能在业绩承诺到期后经历业绩滑坡，且大股东更可能在锁定期结束后减持股票。结果表明，与保留壳公司现任审计师的借壳公司相比，借壳交易中选择新审计师的借壳公司的机会主义行为更严重。     

A copula-based time series model for global horizontal irradiation

The increasing importance of solar power for electricity generation leads to increasing demand for probabilistic forecasting of local and aggregated photovoltaic (PV) yields. Based on publicly available irradiation data, this paper uses an indirect modeling approach for hourly medium to long-term local PV yields. We suggest a time series model for global horizontal irradiation that allows for multivariate probabilistic forecasts for arbitrary time horizons. It features several important stylized facts. Sharp time-dependent lower and upper bounds of global horizontal irradiations are estimated. The parameters of the beta distributed marginals of the transformed data are allowed to be time-dependent. A copula-based time series model is introduced for the hourly and daily dependence structure based on simple vine copulas with so-called tail dependence. Evaluation methods based on scoring rules are used to compare the model’s power for multivariate probabilistic forecasting with other models used in the literature showing that our model outperforms other models in many respects.     

Targets' Accounting Conservatism and the Gains from Acquisition*

We present evidence on the effects of target firms' accounting conservatism in a merger and acquisition transaction. Conservatism is distinct from other accounting or accrual quality constructs examined in prior work. Its unique features can lead to potential benefits for both the targets and the acquirers. The use of conservatism by targets reduces acquirers' risks of acquiring underperforming assets or overpaying for well-performing assets. In addition, targets' conservatism results in greater production of verifiable information that can help the acquirers better estimate and realize synergies of the combined firm. Consistent with these arguments, we find that firms with greater accounting conservatism are more likely to receive a bid. We also find that targets' conservatism increases the deal premium and the announcement returns of both the targets and the acquirers, respectively. Overall, these results indicate that conservatism provides benefits to both sellers and buyers of equity in an acquisition transaction.     

黄河流域横向生态补偿标准的测度研究

黄河流域生态补偿是重要的制度创新，而补偿标准测算是黄河流域生态补偿机制构建的关键环节。首先客观评价黄河流域各省界断面的水质状况，判断各省区应该进行保护补偿或损害赔偿。然后，构建基于水质恢复成本的差异化补偿标准测算模型，对黄河流域各省区的横向保护补偿金额和横向损害赔偿金额分别进行测算。结果表明黄河干流2019年整体水质状况较好，但仍存在横向生态补偿的必要性；通过综合测算，青海、甘肃、山东应该得到补偿；宁夏、内蒙古、山西、陕西和河南应该进行赔偿。研究思路和对策建议对黄河流域的生态补偿机制运行和完善有一定的借鉴意义。     

Inheriting the DNA of emergingness: Strategies of advanced market firms under emerging market ownership

Despite growing concerns about emerging market firms (EMFs)' acquisitions in advanced markets, the influences of emerging market ownership on advanced market firms (AMFs) as targets remain largely underexplored. This study aims to conceptually advance our understanding of the environmental adaptation strategies of AMFs under emerging market ownership, focusing on the strategic implications of the “emergingness” encapsulated in the resource transfer from EMF acquirers to AMF targets. Drawing on the institution-based view and resource-based view, this conceptual piece develops an Institution-Resource-Strategy framework and proposes two types of strategies for AMFs under emerging market ownership, namely arbitrage and avoidance, each comprising three varying tactics. We illustrate our propositions using three cases of Japanese firms under Chinese ownership. This study adds to the literature on internationalizing EMFs, the institution-based view of global strategies, and cross-border mergers and acquisitions and offers managerial implications for emerging and advanced market stakeholders.     

Target insiders' preferences when trading before takeover announcements: Deal completion probability,premium and deal characteristics

We contribute to the M&A literature by characterizing the information available to target insiders during the pre-public takeover negotiations. We analyze insider trading in target firms in the US between 2005 and 2018. First, we show that signing confidentiality agreements is an important information threshold. Second, insiders have a good grasp of deal success. They increase their net purchases only in deals with higher completion probability. Third, insiders guess the final offer price well, but their trading strategies additionally reflect their knowledge of deal characteristics. They prefer bidder-initiated, cash, privately negotiated, and strategic deals. Insiders combine several sources of information.